How is the Lighting System of a Pool Constructed?

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The Structure of the Components and Their Operation

The lighting system of a pool is a crucial element for ensuring safety and creating a captivating atmosphere. This system includes several components, such as underwater lights, transformers, wiring, and control panels. Underwater lights, often LED, are designed to withstand water and the chemicals used in pool maintenance. Transformers regulate the electrical voltage to ensure the safe operation of the lights. The wiring connects the lights to the power system, while the control panels allow for the management of light intensity and color, adapting the lighting to different needs. Therefore, it is a set of components that, integrated together, create highly functional systems capable of producing an exciting final effect.

How is the Lighting System of a Pool Constructed?
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The pool lighting system is composed of:

  • A power supply device for the lamps, usually located within the technical room. Depending on the type of lamps used, we may find toroidal transformers or laminated transformers for lamps requiring alternating current (AC) or drivers or electronic power supplies in the case of lamps requiring direct current (DC);
  • A wiring system appropriately laid out to connect the power supply to each lamp;
  • A housing (called NICHE or FORMWORK) for each lamp, generally fixed inside a wall at a depth that allows maintenance from the pool edge (-50/60 cm from 0.00). The niche is normally made of plastic (ABS), although in some markets, especially in northern countries, steel niches (AISI 316L) are preferred;
  • One or more lamps placed inside the pool, generally on the walls, although depending on the size of the light, placement on the risers/treads of steps, hydromassage benches, shallow areas, and beaches is also possible. In rare cases, lighting is required at the bottom of the pool. The preferred installation is usually on the wall for greater light diffusion and uniformity in the pool.